UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
 
or

¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                                 to                                

Commission File Number: 0-21617

THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada
23-2577138
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Kells Building,  621 Shady Retreat Road,  Doylestown, Pennsylvania
18901
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

(215) 345-0919
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes x    No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer ¨
Accelerated filer ¨
   
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes o    No x
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
As of October 31, 2008, there were 12,903,383 shares of common stock, $.0005 par value per share, outstanding.
 

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS


 
Page No.
   
 
     
     
3-15
     
15-25
     
  25-26
     
26
     
     
     
 
     
     
27-28
     
28-29
     
29
     
 
30
 

2

 
Part I. Financial Information

Item 1.    Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
 
   
(Unaudited)
       
ASSETS
           
             
CURRENT ASSETS:
 
           
  Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 10,880,278     $ 15,133,546  
  Accounts receivable (net of doubtful accounts of $171,931 and $178,144)
    5,499,269       6,648,538  
  Inventory
    5,073,753       4,135,511  
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    1,178,893       810,106  
  Assets of discontinued operations
    -       2,107,589  
  TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS
    22,632,193       28,835,290  
                 
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT – net
    3,903,801       4,337,540  
                 
 
OTHER ASSETS:
               
  Other assets
    35,455       280,654  
  Assets of discontinued operations
    -       48,437  
   TOTAL OTHER ASSETS
    35,455       329,091  
                 
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 26,571,449     $ 33,501,921  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
                 
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
 
               
  Accounts payable
  $ 626,535     $ 454,963  
  Accrued royalties and sales commissions
    3,717,460       3,859,287  
  Accrued advertising
    1,071,279       1,369,759  
  Other current liabilities
    1,423,380       2,542,128  
  Liabilities of discontinued operations
    -       2,031,529  
   TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
    6,838,654       10,257,666  
                 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES  (Note 7)
               
                 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
 
               
  Common stock, $.0005 par value; authorized 50,000,000;
       Issued:  17,549,436 and 17,499,186 shares
    8,775       8,750  
  Additional paid-in-capital
    37,593,082       37,535,523  
  Retained earnings
    7,319,097       10,888,141  
  Less: Treasury stock, 4,646,053 and 4,646,053 shares, at cost
    (25,188,159 )     (25,188,159 )
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    19,732,795       23,244,255  
                 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  $ 26,571,449     $ 33,501,921  
 
 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements


3


THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
   CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30, 2007
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30, 2007
 
                         
NET SALES
  $ 6,354,451     $ 9,131,610     $ 13,727,770     $ 17,498,707  
                                 
COST OF SALES
    2,272,212       3,151,864       5,178,107       6,585,472  
                                 
GROSS PROFIT
    4,082,239       5,979,746       8,549,663       10,913,235  
                                 
OPERATING EXPENSES:
                               
  Sales and marketing
    651,762       864,801       3,450,276       3,911,344  
  Administration
    1,661,555       1,867,671       6,199,646       6,449,262  
  Research and development
    954,880       2,018,507       3,630,006       4,792,151  
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES
    3,268,197       4,750,979       13,279,928       15,152,757  
                                 
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
    814,042       1,228,767       (4,730,265 )     (4,239,522 )
                                 
INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME
    65,060       155,322       285,705       565,652  
                                 
INCOME (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE TAXES
     879,102        1,384,089       (4,444,560 )     (3,673,870 )
                                 
INCOME TAXES (BENEFIT)
    -       -       -       -  
                                 
INCOME (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS
    879,102        1,384,089       (4,444,560 )     (3,673,870 )
                                 
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:
                               
Gain on disposal of health and wellness operations
    -        -       736,252        -  
                                 
  (Loss) Income from discontinued operations
    -       (55,266 )     139,264       (445,207 )
                                 
NET INCOME (LOSS)
  $ 879,102     $ 1,328,823     $ (3,569,044 )   $ (4,119,077 )
                                 
                                 
Basic earnings per common share:
                               
  Income (loss) from continuing operations
  $ 0.07     $ 0.11     $ (0.35 )   $ (0.29 )
  (Loss) Income from discontinued operations
    -       (0.01 )     0.07       (0.03 )
  Net Income (loss)
  $ 0.07     $ 0.10     $ (0.28 )   $ (0.32 )
                                 
Diluted earnings per common share:
                               
  Income (loss) from continuing operations
  $ 0.07     $ 0.11     $ (0.35 )   $ (0.29 )
  (Loss) Income from discontinued operations
    -       (0.01 )     0.07       (0.03 )
  Net Income (loss)
  $ 0.07     $ 0.10     $ (0.28 )   $ (0.32 )
                                 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
                               
  Basic
    12,884,816       12,697,633       12,868,683       12,688,966  
                                 
  Diluted
    13,158,145       13,095,839       12,868,683       12,688,966  
 
 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
 
 
4




      THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 
   
Nine Months Ended
 
   
September 30, 2008
   
September 30, 2007
 
             
NET CASH USED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
  $ (4,302,721 )   $ (5,810,969 )
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Capital expenditures
    (149,312 )     (441,239 )
                 
NET CASH FLOWS USED IN INVESTING  ACTIVITIES
    (149,312 )     (441,239 )
                 
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Gain from disposal of fixed assets
    16,697       -  
Proceeds from exercises of options
    57,584       162,998  
                 
NET CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY FINANCING     ACTIVITIES
    74,281       162,998  
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:
               
Gain from discontinued operations
    (875,516 )     -  
Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations
    1,000,000       -  
                 
NET CASH PROVIDED BY DISCONTINUED   OPERATIONS
    124,484       -  
                 
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    (4,253,268 )     (6,089,210 )
                 
CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF   PERIOD
    15,133,546       16,290,619  
                 
CASH & CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD
  $ 10,880,278     $ 10,201,409  

 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
 
 
5


    THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
      NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS

The Quigley Corporation (the “Company”), organized under the laws of the state of Nevada, is engaged in the development, manufacturing, and marketing of homeopathic and health products that are being offered to the general public along with the research and development of potential prescription products. The Company is organized into three business segments: Cold Remedy, Contract Manufacturing and Ethical Pharmaceutical. For the fiscal periods presented, the majority of the Company’s revenues have come from the Company’s Cold Remedy segment.

The Company’s principal cold-remedy product, Cold-EezeÒ, a zinc gluconate glycine formulation (ZIGG™) is an over-the-counter consumer product used to reduce the duration and severity of the common cold.   The lozenge form of the product is manufactured by Quigley Manufacturing Inc. (“QMI”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, which was formed following the acquisition of certain assets and assumption of certain liabilities of JoEl, Inc., the contract manufacturer of the lozenge product prior to October 1, 2004.

In January 2001, the Company formed an Ethical Pharmaceutical segment that is now Quigley Pharma Inc. (“Pharma”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.  The result of that segment’s research and development activity may enable the Company to diversify into the prescription drug market.

On February 29, 2008, the Company sold Darius International Inc. (“Darius”), a former business segment, to InnerLight Holdings, Inc., whose major shareholder is Mr. Kevin P. Brogan, the then president of Darius.  Darius marketed health and wellness products through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Innerlight Inc. that constituted the Health and Wellness segment of the Company.  The terms of the sale agreement included a cash purchase price of $1,000,000 by InnerLight Holdings, Inc. for the stock of Darius and its subsidiaries without guarantees, warranties or indemnifications.  See discussion in Note 3 to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated.  Effective March 31, 2004, the financial statements included consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of which the Company is the primary beneficiary (see discussion in Note 4, “Variable Interest Entity”).  The business activity that gave rise to the VIE accounting was discontinued on March 31, 2008 and therefore this accounting requirement is no longer reflected in the financial statements of the Company.

On February 29, 2008, the Company sold Darius, the former health and wellness segment of the Company.  Results and balances associated with Darius are presented as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

These financial statements have been prepared by management without audit and should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, consolidated results of operations and consolidated cash flows, for the periods indicated, have been made.  The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year or any other period.

Use of Estimates

The Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States of America. In connection with the preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company is required to make assumptions and estimates about future events, and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures. These assumptions, estimates and judgments are based on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared. Management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments on a quarterly basis to ensure the financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from these assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.
 
6

 
The Company is organized into three different but related business segments, Cold-Remedy, Contract Manufacturing and Ethical Pharmaceutical. When providing for the appropriate sales returns, allowances, cash discounts and cooperative incentive promotion costs, each segment applies a uniform and consistent method for making certain assumptions for estimating these provisions that are applicable to each specific segment. Traditionally, these provisions are not material to reported revenues in the Contract Manufacturing segment and the Ethical Pharmaceutical segment does not have any revenues.

Provisions to these reserves within the Cold Remedy segment include the use of such estimates, which are applied or matched to the current sales for the period presented. These estimates are based on specific customer tracking and an overall historical experience to obtain an applicable effective rate. Estimates for sales returns are tracked at the specific customer level and are tested on an annual historical basis, and reviewed quarterly, as is the estimate for cooperative incentive promotion costs. Cash discounts follow the terms of sales and are taken by virtually all customers. Additionally, the monitoring of current occurrences, developments by customer, market conditions and any other occurrences that could affect the expected provisions for any future returns or allowances, cash discounts and cooperative incentive promotion costs relative to net sales for the period presented are also performed.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.  Cash equivalents include cash on hand and monies invested in money market funds. The carrying amount approximates the fair market value due to the short-term maturity of these investments.

Inventory Valuation

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis (FIFO), or market. Inventory items are analyzed to determine cost and the market value and appropriate valuation reserves are established. The Consolidated Financial Statements include a specific reserve for excess or obsolete inventory of $357,631 and $368,491 as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.  Inventories included raw material, work in progress and packaging amounts of approximately $1,395,537 and $1,197,000 at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, with the remainder comprising finished goods.

Property, Plant  and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost.  The Company uses a combination of straight-line and accelerated methods in computing depreciation for financial reporting purposes.  The annual provision for depreciation has been computed in accordance with the following ranges of estimated asset lives: building and improvements - twenty to thirty-nine years; machinery and equipment - five to seven years; computer software - three years; and furniture and fixtures – seven years.

Concentration of Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash investments and trade accounts receivable.

The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents with several major financial institutions. Since the Company maintains amounts in excess of guarantees provided by the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation, the Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions and limits the amount of exposure with any one institution.

Trade accounts receivable potentially subject the Company to credit risk.  The Company extends credit to its customers based upon an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and credit history and generally does not require collateral. It is not anticipated that any one customer will exceed 10% of consolidated sales in 2008.  The Company’s broad range of customers includes many large wholesalers, mass merchandisers and multi-outlet pharmacy chains, five of which account for a significant percentage of sales volume, representing 55% and 58% of sales volume for the respective three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 and 45% and 48% for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  Customers comprising the five largest accounts receivable balances represented 57% and 53% of total trade receivable balances at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. During the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, all of the Company’s net sales for each period were related to domestic markets.

The Company’s revenues are currently generated from the sale of the Cold-Remedy products that approximated 87% and 89% of total revenues in the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.  The Contract Manufacturing segment’s revenues approximated 13% and 11% of total revenues for the respective nine month periods.
 
7

 
Raw materials used in the production of the products are available from numerous sources.  Raw materials for the Cold-EezeÒ lozenge product are currently procured from a single vendor in order to secure purchasing economies.  In a situation where this one vendor is not able to supply QMI with the ingredients, other sources have been identified.  Should these product sources terminate or discontinue for any reason, the Company has formulated a contingency plan in order to prevent such discontinuance from materially affecting the Company’s operations.  Any such termination may, however, result in a temporary delay in production until the replacement facility is able to meet the Company’s production requirements.

Long-lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets with definite lives for impairment on an exception basis whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable through future cash flows.  If it is determined that an impairment loss has occurred based on the expected discounted cash flows compared to the related asset value, an impairment loss is recognized in the Statement of Operations.

Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognized at the time ownership is transferred to the customer, which for the Cold Remedy segment is the time the shipment is received by the customer and for the Contract Manufacturing segment, when the product is shipped to the customer.  Revenue is reduced for trade promotions, estimated sales returns, cash discounts and other allowances in the same period as the related sales are recorded. The Company makes estimates of potential future product returns and other allowances related to current period revenue. The Company analyzes historical returns, current trends, and changes in customer and consumer demand when evaluating the adequacy of the sales returns and other allowances. The Consolidated Financial Statements include reserves of $625,055 for future sales returns and $324,726 for other allowances as of September 30, 2008 and $295,606 and $347,102 at December 31, 2007, respectively.  The reserves also include an estimate of the uncollectability of accounts receivable resulting in a reserve of $171,931 and $178,144 at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

Cost of Sales

For the Cold Remedy segment, in accordance with contract terms, payments calculated based upon net sales collected to the patent holder of the Cold-EezeÒ formulation amounting to zero and $293,265 respectively, for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, are presented in the financial statements as cost of sales (see also Note 5).

Operating expenses

Agreements relating to the Cold Remedy segment with a major national sales brokerage firm are for this firm to sell the manufactured Cold-EezeÒ product to our customers. Such related costs are presented in the financial statements as selling expenses.

Shipping and Handling

Product sales relating to the Cold Remedy and Contract Manufacturing segments include shipping and handling charges to the purchaser as part of the invoiced price, which is classified as revenue.  In all cases costs related to this revenue are recorded in cost of sales.

Stock Compensation

Stock options and warrants for purchase of the Company’s common stock have been granted to both employees and non-employees since the date the Company became publicly traded.  Options and warrants are exercisable during a period determined by the Company, but in no event later than ten years from the date granted.

No stock options were granted in the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.

Advertising and Incentive Promotions
 
Advertising and incentive promotion costs are expensed within the period in which they are utilized. Advertising and incentive promotion expense is comprised of media advertising, presented as part of sales and marketing expense; cooperative incentive promotions and coupon program expenses, which are accounted for as part of net sales; and free product, which is accounted for as part of cost of sales. Advertising and incentive promotion costs incurred for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were $822,022 and $1,145,830 respectively. The nine month cost for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were $3,756,723 and $4,205,576, respectively.  Included in prepaid expenses and other current assets were $392,829 and $158,428 at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, relating to prepaid advertising and promotion expenses.
 
 
8


Research and Development

Research and development costs are charged to operations in the period incurred. Expenditures for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were $954,880 and $2,018,507, respectively.  The nine month cost for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were $3,630,006 and $4,792,151, respectively.  Principally, research and development costs are related to Pharma’s study activities and costs associated with Cold-EezeÒ products.

Income Taxes

The Company utilizes the asset and liability approach which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. In estimating future tax consequences, the Company generally considers all expected future events other than enactments of changes in the tax law or rates.  Until sufficient taxable income to offset the temporary timing differences attributable to operations and the tax deductions attributable to option, warrant and stock activities are assured, a valuation allowance equaling the total deferred tax asset is being provided.  See Note 9 - Income Taxes, for further discussion.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Interpretation ("FIN") No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. This interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The interpretation contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 109. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, and other matters. The adoption did not have an effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
As a result of the Company’s continuing tax losses, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against a net deferred tax asset.  Additionally, the Company has not recorded a liability for unrecognized tax benefits subsequent to the adoption of FIN 48.
 
The tax years 2004-2007 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements at carrying value which approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years.  The adoption of this standard has not had a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”, including an amendment of FASB No. 115 ("FAS 159"). The Statement permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value in order to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. FAS 159 is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2008. The adoption of this standard has not had a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
 
9

 
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“FAS 160”).  FAS 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the retained interest and gain or loss when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008 with earlier adoption prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of FAS 160 on its operating results and financial position.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, "Business Combinations," (“SFAS 141R”) which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. SFAS 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.

NOTE 3 – DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

On February 29, 2008, the Company sold Darius to InnerLight Holdings, Inc., whose major shareholder is Mr. Kevin P. Brogan, the then president of Darius.  The Quigley Corporation formed Darius in 2000 to introduce new products to the marketplace through a network of independent distributor representatives.  Darius marketed health and wellness products through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Innerlight Inc. that constituted the Health and Wellness segment of the Company.  The terms of the sale agreement include a cash purchase price of $1,000,000 by InnerLight Holdings, Inc. for the stock of Darius and its subsidiaries without guarantees, warranties or indemnifications.

Sales of Darius in 2008 until date of disposal on February 29, 2008 and for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007 were, respectively, $2,188,815 and $8,409,028.  Net income (losses) for 2008 until date of disposal on February 29, 2008 and for the nine month period ended September 30, 2007, were $139,264 and ($445,207), respectively.  Sales and net (losses) of Darius for the three months ended September 30, 2007 were $2,708,822 and ($55,266), respectively.  Results of Darius are presented as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Cash Flows and in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The major classes of balance sheet items of discontinued operations at December 31, 2007 were cash, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current liabilities.

The Company recorded a gain on the disposal of Darius of $736,252, as a result of sales proceeds of $1,000,000 less residual investment of $5,000 and net assets of Darius of $258,748 on the date of sale.

NOTE 4 – VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY

In December 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB or the “Board”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised December 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46R), to address certain implementation issues.  FIN 46R varies significantly from FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (“VIE”) (FIN 46), which it supersedes.  FIN 46R requires the application of either FIN 46 or FIN 46R by “Public Entities”  to all  Special  Purpose  Entities (“SPEs”) at  the  end  of the first interim or annual reporting period ending after December 15, 2003.  FIN 46R is applicable to all non-SPEs created prior to February 1, 2003 by Public Entities that are not small business issuers at the end of the first interim or annual reporting period ending after March 15, 2004.  Effective March 31, 2004, the Company adopted FIN 46R for VIE’s formed prior to February 1, 2003.  The Company had determined that Scandasystems, a related party, qualified as a variable interest entity and the Company consolidated Scandasystems beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2004.  Due to the fact that the Company had no long-term contractual commitments or guarantees, the maximum exposure to loss was insignificant.

The Company has determined that the conditions that applied in the past giving rise to the application of FIN 46R to the relationship between the Company and Scandasystems no longer apply.  Therefore, effective with quarter ended March 31, 2008, Scandasystems balances were no longer consolidated with the Company’s financial results and balances.
 
10


 
NOTE 5 – PATENT RIGHTS AND RELATED ROYALTY COMMITMENTS

The Company has maintained a separate representation and distribution agreement relating to the development of the zinc gluconate glycine product formulation.  In return for exclusive distribution rights, the Company must pay the developer a 3% royalty and a 2% consulting fee based on sales collected, less certain deductions, throughout the term of this agreement, which expired in May 2007.  However, the Company and the developer are in litigation and as such no potential offset from such litigation for these fees have been recorded.

The expenses for the periods relating to such agreement amounted to zero for both three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. The nine month cost for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were zero and $293,265, respectively. Amounts accrued for these expenses at both September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 were $3,524,031.

On July 2, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with Dr. Richard Rosenbloom, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Quigley Pharma, whereby the Company agreed to compensate Dr. Rosenbloom for assigning, to the Company, the entire right, title and interest in and to Dr. Rosenbloom’s concepts and/or inventions made prior to the date he became an employee of The Quigley Corporation.  In consideration of, and as full compensation for, the covenants made in the agreement, the Company shall pay Dr. Rosenbloom compensation in the amount of five percent (5%) of net sales collected, less certain deductions, of royalty bearing products.  This agreement has no current financial impact to the Company due to the absence of Pharma related sales.

NOTE 6 – OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Included in other current liabilities are $386,712 and $1,240,767 related to accrued compensation at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.

NOTE 7 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Certain operating leases for office and warehouse space maintained by the Company resulted in rent expense for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 of $12,470 and $16,978, respectively.  The nine month cost for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were $40,129 and $47,647, respectively. The Company has approximate future obligations over the next five years as follows:

 
 
Year
 
Research and Development
   
Property and
Other Leases
   
 
Advertising
   
Product Purchases
   
 
Total
 
2008
  $ 1,096,833     $ 10,256     $ 3,096,759       -     $ 4,203,848  
2009
    413,779       19,406       1,634,308     $ 1,355,000       3,422,493  
2010
    -       -       -       1,321,000       1,321,000  
2011
    -       -       -       671,000       671,000  
2012
    -       -       -       -       -  
Total
  $ 1,510,612     $ 29,662     $ 4,731,067     $ 3,347,000     $ 9,618,341  

Obligations relating to advertising and research and development in particular may be subject to significant fluctuation, particularly during the remainder of 2008.

During July 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with a vendor to purchase a minimum order of product, with the amount of approximately $3,347,000 remaining, over a three year period in its capacity as an exclusive reseller, marketer and distributor of a cough and cold product incorporating a patented, proprietary delivery system.

On July 2, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with Dr. Richard Rosenbloom, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Quigley Pharma, whereby the Company agreed to compensate Dr. Rosenbloom for assigning, to the Company, the entire right, title and interest in and to Dr. Rosenbloom’s concepts and/or inventions made prior to the date he became an employee of The Quigley Corporation.  In consideration of, and as full compensation for, the covenants made in the agreement, the Company shall pay Dr. Rosenbloom compensation in the amount of five percent (5%) of net sales collected, less certain deductions, of royalty bearing products.  This agreement has no current financial impact to the Company due to the absence of Pharma related sales.

The Company has several licensing and other contractual agreements, see Note 5 – Patent Rights and Related Royalty Commitments, for further discussion.
 
11

 

The following supplements and amends the discussion set forth under Part I, Item 3, “Legal Proceedings” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 and Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings” in the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2008 and June 30, 2008.

HOWARD POLSKI AND SHERYL POLSKI VS. THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION, ET AL. 
(U.S.D.C., D. Minn. Docket No.: 04-4199 PJS/JJG)

On August 12, 2004, plaintiffs filed an action against the Company in the District Court for Hennepin County, Minnesota, which was not served until September 2, 2004. On September 17, 2004, the Company removed the case to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota. The action alleges that plaintiffs suffered certain losses and injuries as a result of the Company's nasal spray product. Among the allegations of plaintiffs are negligence, products liability, breach of express and implied warranties, and breach of the Minnesota Consumer Fraud Statute.

The Company believes the plaintiffs' claims were without merit and vigorously defended this lawsuit. On September 5, 2007, the Company obtained a judgment in its favor, as a matter of law, and that decision was appealed to the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals.  On August 13, 2008, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the judgment in favor of the Company.  The plaintiffs have until December 3, 2008 to file a Petition for Allocatur to the Supreme Court of the United States.  In the event a Petition for Allocatur is filed, the Company believes that the appeal lacks merit, and that the judgment of the Trial Court and the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals will be affirmed if the Supreme Court grants allocatur.

At the present time this matter is being defended by the Company's liability insurance carrier.  Based upon the information the Company has at this time, it believes the action will not have a material impact to the Company.  However, at this time no prediction as to the outcome can be made.

TESAURO AND ELEY, ET AL. VS. THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
(CCP of Phila., August Term 2000, No. 001011)
 
In September, 2000, the Company was sued by two individuals (Jason Tesauro and Elizabeth Eley, both residents of Georgia), allegedly on behalf of a "nationwide class" of "similarly situated individuals," in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.  The complaint alleges that the plaintiffs purchased certain Cold-Eeze products between August 1996 and November 1999, based upon cable television, radio and internet advertisements, which allegedly misrepresented the qualities and benefits of the Company's products.  The complaint, as pleaded originally, requested an unspecified amount of damages for violations of Pennsylvania's consumer protection law, breach of implied warranty of merchantability and unjust enrichment, as well as a judicial determination that the action be maintained as a class action.  In October, 2000, the Company filed preliminary objections to the complaint seeking dismissal of the action.  The court sustained certain objections, thereby narrowing the plaintiffs' claims.

In May 2001, the plaintiffs filed a motion to certify the putative class.  The Company opposed the motion.  In November, 2001, the court held a hearing on plaintiffs' motion for class certification.  In January 2002, the court denied in part and granted in part plaintiffs' motion.  The court denied plaintiffs' motion to certify a class based on plaintiffs' claims under Pennsylvania's consumer protection law, under which plaintiffs sought treble damages, effectively dismissing this cause of action; however, the court certified a class based on plaintiffs' secondary breach of implied warranty and unjust enrichment claims.  In August 2002, the court issued an order adopting a form of Notice of Class Action to be published nationally.  The form of Notice approved by the court included a provision that limits the potential class members who may potentially recover damages in this action to those persons who present a proof of purchase of Cold-Eeze during the period from August 1996 through November 1999.
 
Afterward, a series of pre-trial motions were filed raising issues concerning trial evidence and the court's jurisdiction over the subject matter of the action.  In March 2005, the court held oral argument on these motions.

On November 8, 2006, the Court entered an order dismissing the case in its entirety on the basis that the action was pre-empted by federal law.  The plaintiffs appealed the Court's decision in December 2006 to the Superior Court of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.  On February 19, 2008, the Superior Court upheld defendant's appeal and remanded the case to the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas for trial.  The Company has decided not to appeal to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the case is being prepared for trial.

On June 13, 2008, the Court held a pre-trial scheduling conference during which the Court discussed the status of several unresolved pre-trial motions that will bear upon the evidence allowed at trial.  The Court also requested additional briefing on certain evidence issues and allowed for limited additional discovery of witnesses.  The Court has scheduled trial to commence with jury selection on January 30, 2009.

At this time, no prediction as to the outcome of the trial can be made.
 
12

 
NOTE 8 – TRANSACTIONS AFFECTING STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

On September 8, 1998, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend distribution of Common Stock Purchase Rights  (individually, a “Right” and collectively, the “Rights”), thereby  creating  a  Stockholder  Rights  Plan  (the “Plan”).  The  dividend  was  payable  to  the stockholders of record on September 25, 1998.  Each Right entitles the stockholder of record to purchase from the Company that number of common shares having  a combined  market  value equal to two times the Rights exercise price of $45.  The Rights are not exercisable until the distribution date, which will be the earlier of a public announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons has acquired 15% or more of the outstanding common shares, or the announcement of an intention by a similarly constituted party to make a tender or exchange offer resulting in the
ownership of 15% or more of the outstanding common shares.   The dividend has the effect of giving the stockholder a 50% discount on the share’s current market value for exercising such right. In the event of a cashless exercise of the Right, and the acquirer has acquired less than 50% beneficial ownership of the Company, a stockholder may exchange one Right for one common share of the Company.  The final expiration date of the Plan was September 25, 2008, prior to the amendment.
 
On May 23, 2008, the Company entered into an amendment ("Amendment No. 1") to the Rights Agreement, dated as of September 15, 1998, between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the "Rights Agreement") dated as of May 20, 2008, pursuant to which the term of the Rights Agreement was extended until September 25, 2018. In addition, Amendment No. 1 added a provision pursuant to which the Company's board of directors may exempt from the provisions of the Rights Agreement an offer for all outstanding shares of the Company's common stock that the directors determine to be fair and not inadequate and to otherwise be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, after receiving advice from one or more investment banking firms.
 
Since the inception of the stock buy-back program in January 1998, the Board has subsequently increased the authorization on five occasions, for a total authorized buy-back of 5,000,000 shares or approximately 38% of the previous shares outstanding.  Such shares are reflected as treasury stock and will be available for general corporate purposes.  From the initiation of the plan until September 30, 2008, 4,159,191 shares have been repurchased at a cost of $24,042,801 or an average cost of $5.78 per share.  No shares were repurchased during 2007 or 2008 to date.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, a total of 50,250 options were exercised.

NOTE 9 – INCOME TAXES

Certain exercises of options and warrants, and restricted stock issued for services that became unrestricted resulted in reductions to taxes currently payable and a corresponding increase to additional-paid-in-capital for prior years.  In addition, certain tax benefits for option and warrant exercises totaling $6,772,546 are deferred and will be credited to additional-paid-in-capital when the NOL’s attributable to these exercises are utilized.  As a result, these NOL’s will not be available to offset income tax expense.  The net operating loss carry-forwards that currently approximate $19.1 million for federal purposes will be expiring through 2027.  Additionally, there are net operating loss carry-forwards of $20.3 million for state purposes that will be expiring through 2017.  Until sufficient taxable income to offset the temporary timing differences attributable to operations, the tax deductions attributable to option, warrant and stock activities and alternative minimum tax credits of $110,270 are assured, a valuation allowance equaling the total deferred tax asset is being provided.

NOTE 10 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic loss per share (“EPS”) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted - average number of common shares outstanding for the period.  Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that shared in the earnings of the entity. Diluted EPS also utilizes the treasury stock method that prescribes a theoretical buy-back of shares from the theoretical proceeds of all options and warrants outstanding during the period.  Since there is a large number of options and warrants outstanding, fluctuations in the actual market price can have a variety of results for each period presented.

A reconciliation of the applicable numerators and denominators of the income statement periods presented, as reflects the results of continuing operations, is as follows (millions, except per share amounts):
 
13

 
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2008
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2008
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2007
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2007
 
 Income
Shares
EPS
Loss
Shares
EPS
Income
Shares
EPS
Loss
Shares
EPS
                         
Basic EPS
$0.9
12.9
$0.07
($3.6)
12.9
($0.28)
$1.3
12.7
$0.10
($4.1)
12.7
($0.32)
Dilutives:
                       
Options/Warrants
-
 0.3
-
-
-
-
-
  0.4
-
-
-
-
                         
Diluted EPS
$0.9
13.2
$0.07
($3.6)
12.9
($0.28)
$1.3
13.1
$0.10
($4.1)
12.7
($0.32)
 
Options outstanding at September 30, 2008 and 2007 were 2,427,750 and 2,891,000 respectively. They were not included in the computation of diluted earnings for the periods with a net loss because the effect would be anti-dilutive.

NOTE 11 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company may continue the process of acquiring licenses in certain countries through related party entities whose stockholders include Mr. Gary Quigley, a relative of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Both the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 had no fees incurred and the amounts for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were zero and $38,250, respectively. This expenditure is related to the regulatory aspects of obtaining such licenses.

NOTE 12 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

The basis for presenting segment results generally is consistent with overall Company reporting. The Company reports information about its operating segments in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board Statement No. 131, “Disclosure About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” which establishes standards for reporting information about a company’s operating segments. All consolidating items are included in Corporate & Other.

The Company divides its operations into three reportable segments as follows: The Quigley Corporation (Cold-Remedy), whose main product is Cold-EezeÒ, a proprietary zinc gluconate glycine lozenge for the common cold; Quigley Manufacturing (Contract Manufacturing), which is the production facility for the Cold-EezeÒ lozenge product and also performs contract manufacturing services for third party customers, and Pharma, (Ethical Pharmaceutical), currently involved in research and development activity to develop patent applications for potential pharmaceutical products.

Financial information relating to 2008 and 2007 continuing operations, by business segment, follows:
                               
 
For the three  months ended September 30, 2008
 
Cold Remedy
   
Contract
Manufacturing
   
Ethical
Pharmaceutical
   
Corporate &
Other
   
 
Total
 
 
Revenues
                             
  Customers-domestic
  $ 5,668,345     $ 686,106     $ -     $ -     $ 6,354,451  
  Inter-segment
  $ -     $ 1,316,810     $ -     $ (1,316,810 )   $ -  
Segment operating profit/(loss)
  $ 2,027,124     $ (130,770 )   $ (1,081,943 )   $ (369 )   $ 814,042  
                               
 
For the nine months ended   September 30, 2008
 
Cold Remedy
   
Contract
Manufacturing
   
Ethical
Pharmaceutical
   
Corporate &
Other
   
 
Total
 
                                         
Revenues
                                       
  Customers-domestic
  $ 11,912,924     $ 1,814,846     $ -     $ -     $ 13,727,770  
  Inter-segment
  $ -     $ 3,418,612     $ -     $ (3,418,612 )   $ -  
Segment operating profit/(loss)
  $ 70,486     $ (655,655 )   $ (4,086,039 )   $ (59,057 )   $ (4,730,265 )
                               
 
For the three  months ended September 30, 2007
 
Cold Remedy
   
Contract
Manufacturing
   
Ethical
Pharmaceutical
   
Corporate &
Other
   
 
 Total
 
 
                             
Revenues 
                             
  Customers-domestic
  $ 8,418,160     $ 713,450     $ -     $ -     $ 9,131,610  
  Inter-segment
  $ -     $ 2,357,306     $ -     $ (2,357,306 )   $ -  
Segment operating profit/(loss)
  $ 3,380,449     $ 241,466     $ (2,163,187 )   $ (229,961 )   $ 1,228,767  
 
 
14

 
                                 
 
For the nine  months ended  September 30, 2007
 
Cold Remedy
   
Contract
Manufacturing
   
Ethical
Pharmaceutical
   
Corporate &
Other
   
 Total
   
 
Revenues
                           
  Customers-domestic
  $ 15,657,574     $ 1,841,133     $ -     $ -     $ 17,498,707  
  Inter-segment
  $ -     $ 4,780,047     $ -     $ (4,780,047 )   $ -  
Segment operating profit/(loss)
  $ 1,525,897     $ (211,790 )   $ (5,161,966 )   $ (391,663 )   $ (4,239,522 )
 
Item 2.            Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

In addition to historical information, this Report contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, management of growth, competition, pricing pressures on the Company’s products, industry growth and general economic conditions. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinions only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements.

Certain Risk Factors

The Quigley Corporation makes no representation that the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or any other regulatory agency will grant an Investigational New Drug (“IND”) or take any other action to allow its formulations to be studied or/and for any granted IND to be marketed.  Furthermore, no claim is made that potential medicine discussed herein is safe, effective, or approved by the FDA.  Additionally, data that demonstrates activity or effectiveness in animals or in vitro tests do not necessarily mean such formula test compound, referenced herein, will be effective in humans.  Safety and effectiveness in humans will have to be demonstrated by means of adequate and well controlled clinical studies before the clinical significance of the formula test compound is known.  Readers should carefully review the risk factors described in other sections of the filing as well as in other documents the Company files from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Overview

The  Company,   headquartered  in  Doylestown,  Pennsylvania,  is  a  leading  manufacturer,  marketer  and  distributor  of  a diversified range of homeopathic and health products which comprise the Cold Remedy and Contract Manufacturing segments.  The Company is also involved in the research and development of potential prescription products that comprise the Ethical Pharmaceutical segment.

The Company’s primary business is the manufacture and distribution of cold remedy products to the consumer through the over-the-counter marketplace. One of the Company’s key products in its Cold Remedy segment is Cold-EezeÒ, a zinc gluconate glycine product proven in two double-blind clinical studies to reduce the duration and severity of the common cold symptoms by nearly half. Cold-EezeÒ is an established product in the health care and cold remedy market.  During the third quarter of 2007, the Company commenced shipping two new Cold-EezeÒ brand extensions.  These brand extensions are Organix™ Cough and Sore Throat Drops and Cold-Eeze Ò Immune Support Complex-10.  Organix Cough and Sore Throat Drops is a proprietary product manufactured at the Company’s certified organic manufacturing facility, the first facility of its kind to obtain USDA organic certification. Cold-EezeÒ Immune Support Complex-10 competes in the growing immune boosting dietary supplement marketplace.  During the third quarter of 2008, the Company commenced shipping the Kids-EezeÒ Chest Relief product.  Kids-EEZEÒ Chest Relief, http://www.kids-eeze.com, is a single-ingredient, allopathic expectorant with guaifenesin to help children, ages six and up, suffering from uncomfortable chest congestion.  Kids-EEZE® Chest Relief provides an alternative to the many multi-symptom children’s cold products that could potentially lead to overmedication.

The manufacturing entity, called Quigley Manufacturing Inc. (“QMI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, manufactures the Cold-EezeÒ lozenge product along with performing such operational tasks as warehousing and shipping the Company’s Cold-EezeÒ products.  In addition, QMI, which is an FDA approved facility, produces a variety of hard and organic candy for sale to third party customers in addition to performing contract manufacturing activities for non-related entities.

The Cold-Remedy segment reported a decrease in net sales in the third quarter and year to date 2008 as compared to the same periods in 2007.  The decrease in net sales resulted from the continuing effects of the least incidence of colds in the last eight years during the 2007/2008 cold season and changes to customers’ buying habits during 2008 to date.   The 2008 periods were assisted by sales of the Kids-EEZEÒ product introduced in the third quarter of 2008, along with the influence of the Cold-EezeÒ price increase that commenced in July 2007.

The Contract Manufacturing segment reported comparable net sales in the 2008 and 2007 periods.  The primary function of the manufacturing segment is the production, warehousing and shipping of Cold-EezeÒ related products, however, sales to third party customers may reflect some incremental fluctuation.
 
15

 
On February 29, 2008, the Company sold Darius, the former Health and Wellness segment, to InnerLight Holdings, Inc., whose major shareholder is Mr. Kevin P. Brogan, the then president of Darius.  The terms of the agreement included a cash purchase price of $1,000,000 by InnerLight Holdings, Inc., for the stock of Darius and its subsidiaries without guarantees, warranties or indemnifications.  Darius marketed health and wellness products through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Innerlight Inc., which constituted the Health and Wellness segment of the Company.  Losses from this segment prior to disposal resulted in reduced resources available for the research and development activities of the Pharma segment.  Additionally, the divestiture of Darius will provide clarity to the Company’s strategic plan to focus its future endeavors in a pharmaceutical entity with OTC products and a pipeline of potential formulations that may lead to prescription products.  The sale of this former business segment is reported as discontinued operations.

In January 2001, the Company formed an Ethical Pharmaceutical segment, Quigley Pharma Inc. (“Pharma”), that is under the direction of its Executive Vice President and Chairman of its Medical Advisory Committee.  Pharma was formed for the purpose of developing naturally derived prescription drugs.  Pharma is currently undergoing  research  and  development activity  in  compliance  with regulatory  requirements. The Company is in the initial stages of what may be a lengthy process to develop these patent applications into commercial products.  The Company continues to invest significantly in ongoing research and development activities of this segment.  Such investment amounted to $1,081,943 and $4,086,039 in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, respectively, compared to $2,163,187 and $5,161,966 in the comparative 2007 periods.

Future revenues, costs, margins, and profits will continue to be influenced by the Company’s ability to maintain its manufacturing availability and capacity together with its marketing and distribution capabilities and the requirements associated with the development of Pharma’s potential prescription drugs in order to continue to compete on a national and international level.

Cold-Remedy Products

In May 1992, the Company entered into an exclusive agreement for the worldwide representation, manufacturing and marketing of Cold-EezeÒ products in the United States.  Cold-EezeÒ, the Company’s primary cold remedy product, a zinc gluconate glycine formulation (ZIGG™), is an over-the-counter consumer product used to reduce the duration and severity of the common cold and is available in lozenge, sugar-free tablet and gum form.  The Company has substantiated the effectiveness of Cold-EezeÒ through a variety of studies.  A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, conducted at Dartmouth College of Health Science, Hanover, New Hampshire, concluded that the lozenge formulation treatment, initiated within 48 hours of symptom onset, resulted in a significant reduction in the total duration of the common cold.

On May 22, 1992, “Zinc and the Common Cold, a Controlled Clinical Study,” was published in England in the “Journal of International Medical Research,” Volume 20, Number 3, Pages 234-246.  According to this publication, (a) flavorings used in other Zinc lozenge products (citrate, tartrate, separate, orotate, picolinate, mannitol or sorbitol) render the Zinc inactive and unavailable to the patient’s nasal passages, mouth and throat where cold symptoms have to be treated, (b) this patented formulation delivers approximately 93% of the active Zinc to the mucosal surfaces and (c) the patient has the same sequence of symptoms as in the absence of treatment but goes through the phases at an accelerated rate and with reduced symptom severity.

On July 15, 1996, results of a new randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study on the common cold, which commenced at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation on October 3, 1994, were published.  The study called “Zinc Gluconate Lozenges for Treating the Common Cold” was completed and published in the Annals of Internal Medicine – Vol. 125 No. 2.  Using a 13.3mg lozenge (almost half the strength of the lozenge used in the Dartmouth Study), the result still showed a 42% reduction in the duration of common cold symptoms.

In April 2002, the Company announced the statistical results of a retrospective clinical adolescent study at the Heritage School facility in Provo, Utah that suggests that Cold-EezeÒ is also an effective means of preventing the common cold and statistically (a) lessens the number of colds an individual suffers per year, reducing the median from 1.5 to zero and (b) reduces the use of antibiotics for respiratory illnesses from 39.3% to 3.0% when Cold-EezeÒ is administered as a first line treatment approach to the common cold.

In April 2002, the Company was assigned a Patent Application that was filed with the Patent Office of the United States Commerce Department for the use of Cold-EezeÒ as a prophylactic for cold prevention.  The new patent application follows the results of the adolescent study at the Heritage School facility.

In May 2003, the Company announced the findings of a prospective study, conducted at the Heritage School facility in Provo, Utah, in which 178 children, ages 12 to 18 years, were given Cold-EezeÒ lozenges both symptomatically and prophylactically from October 5, 2001 to May 30, 2002. The study found a 54% reduction in the most frequently observed cold duration.
 
16


Those subjects not receiving treatment most frequently experienced symptom duration of 11 days compared with 5 days when Cold-EezeÒ lozenges were administered, a reduction of 6 days.

The business of the Company is subject to federal and state laws and regulations adopted for the health and safety of users of the Company’s products. Cold-Eeze® is a homeopathic remedy that is subject to regulations by various federal, state and local agencies, including the FDA and the Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States.
 
Contract Manufacturing

From October 1, 2004, this manufacturing entity, now called QMI, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, has continued to produce lozenge product along with performing such operational tasks as warehousing and shipping the Company’s Cold-EezeÒ products.  In addition to that function, QMI produces a variety of hard and organic candy for sale to third party customers in addition to performing contract manufacturing activities for non-related entities.  QMI is an FDA-approved facility.

Ethical Pharmaceutical

Pharma’s current activity is the research and development of naturally-derived prescription drugs with the goal of improving the quality of life and health of those in need.  Research and development will focus on the identification, isolation and direct use of active medicinal substances.  One aspect of Pharma’s research will focus on the potential synergistic benefits of combining isolated active constituents and whole plant components. The Company will search for new natural sources of medicinal substances from plants and fungi from around the world while also investigating the use of traditional and historic medicinals and therapeutics.

The pre-clinical development, clinical trials, product manufacturing and marketing of Pharma's potential new products are subject to federal and state regulation in the United States and other countries. Obtaining FDA regulatory approval for these pharmaceutical products can require substantial resources and take several years.  The length of this process depends on the type, complexity and novelty of the product and the nature of the disease or other indications to be treated. If the Company cannot obtain regulatory approval of these new products in a timely manner or if the patents are not granted or if the patents are subsequently challenged, these possible events could have a material effect on the business and financial condition of the Company.  The strength of the Company’s patent position may be important to its long-term success.  There can be no assurance that these patents and patent applications will effectively protect the Company’s products from duplication by others.   Additionally, the operations of the Company contribute to the current research and development expenditures of the Ethical Pharmaceutical segment.   In addition to the funding from operations, the Company may in the short and long term raise capital through the issuance of equity securities or secure other financing resources to support such research.  As research progresses on certain formulations, expenditures of the Pharma segment will require substantial financial support and would necessitate the consideration of other approaches such as, licensing or partnership arrangements that meet the Company’s long term goals and objectives.  Ultimately, should internal working capital or internal funding be insufficient, there is no guarantee that other financing resources will become available, thereby deferring future growth and development of certain formulations.

Patents and chronological summary of QR formulations, which may or may not be areas of current focus, are:

·
A Patent (No. 6,555,573 B2) entitled “Method and Composition for the Topical Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy.” The patent extends through March 27, 2021.

·
A Patent (No. 6,592,896 B2) entitled “Medicinal Composition and Method of Using It” (for Treatment of Sialorrhea and other Disorders) for a product to relieve sialorrhea (drooling) in patients suffering from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), otherwise known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease.  The patent extends through August 5, 2021.

·
A Patent (No. 6,596,313 B2) entitled “Nutritional Supplement and Method of Using It” for a product to relieve sialorrhea (drooling) in patients suffering from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), otherwise known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease.  The patent extends through April 14, 2022.

·
A Patent (No. 6,753,325 B2) entitled “Composition and Method for Prevention, Reduction and Treatment of Radiation Dermatitis,” a composition for preventing, reducing or treating radiation dermatitis.  The patent extends through November 5, 2021.
 

 
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·
A Patent (No. 6,827,945 B2) entitled “Nutritional Supplements and Method of Using Same” for a method for treating at least one symptom of arthritis.  The patent extends through April 22, 2023.

·
A Patent (No. 7,083,813 B2) entitled “Methods for The Treatment of Peripheral Neural and Vascular Ailments.”  The patent extends through August 4, 2023.

·
A Patent (No. 7,166,435 B2) entitled “Compositions and Methods for Reducing the Tranmissivity of Illnesses.”   This patent will provide additional protection to an existing composition patent (number 6,592,896), which the Company received in July 2003 and will support on-going investigations and potential commercialization opportunities. The Company will be continuing its studies to test the effects of the referenced compound against avian flu and human influenza. The patent extends through November 5, 2021.

·
A Patent (No. 7,175,987 B2) entitled “Compositions and Methods for The Treatment of Herpes.”  The patent extends through November 5, 2021.

·
A Patent (No. 7,396,546 B2) entitled “Anti-Microbial Compositions and Methods of Using Same”  The patent extends through August 6, 2021.

·
A Patent (No. 7,399,783 B2) entitled “Methods for the Treatment of Scar Tissue.”  The patent extends through September 4, 2026.

·
A Patent (No. 7,405,046 B2) entitled “Compositions and Methods for Treatment of Rhinovirus.”  The patent extends through August 6, 2021.

·
A Patent (No. 7,410,659 B2) entitled “Methods for the Treatment of Peripheral Neural and Vascular Ailments.”  The patent extends through November 6, 2022.

·
A Patent (No. 7,435,725 B2) entitled “Oral Compositions and Methods for Prevention, Reduction and Treatment of Radiation Injury.”  The patent extends through January 14, 2022.

·
A Mexican Patent (No. 236311) entitled “Method and Composition for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy.”  The patent extends through December 18, 2020.

·
A Mexican Patent (No. 259329) entitled “Nutritional Supplements and Methods for Prevention, Reduction and Treatment of Radiation Injury” the patent extends through April 30, 2022.
 
·
A New Zealand Patent (No. 533439) entitled “Methods for The Treatment of Peripheral Neural and Vascular Ailments.”  The patent extends through November 6, 2022.

·
A New Zealand Patent (No. 526041) entitled “Method and Composition for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy.” The patent extends through December 18, 2021.

·
A New Zealand Patent (No. 530187) entitled “Nutritional Supplements and Methods of Using Same.” The patent extends through August 6, 2022.

·
A New Zealand Patent (No. 537821) entitled “Anti-Microbial Compositions and Methods of Using Same.” The patent extends through July 23, 2023.

·
A New Zealand Patent (No. 532775) entitled “Topical Compositions and Methods for Treatment of Adverse Effects of Ionizing Radiation,” The patent extends through November 6, 2022.

·
An Australian Patent (No. 2002231095) entitled “Method and Composition for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy.”    The patent extends through December 18, 2021.

·
An Australian Patent (No. 2002352501) entitled “Method for The Treatment of Peripheral Neural and Vascular Ailments.”    The patent extends through November 5, 2022.


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·
An Australian Patent (No. 2002232464) entitled “Nutritional Supplements and Methods of Using Same.”    The patent extends through August 5, 2022.

·
An Australian Patent (No. 2002365155) “Topical Compositions and Methods for Treatment of Adverse Effects of Ionizing Radiation,” the patent extends through November 5, 2022.

·
An Australian Patent (No. 2002309615) “Nutritional Supplements and Methods for Prevention, Reduction and Treatment of Radiation Injury” the patent extends through April 30, 2022.

·
A South African Patent (No. 2003/4247) entitled “Methods and Composition for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy.”    The patent extends through December 18, 2021.

·
A South African Patent (No. 2004/3364) “Nutritional Supplements and Methods for Prevention, Reduction and Treatment of Radiation Injury” the patent extends through May 1, 2022.

·
A South African Patent (No. 2003/9802) entitled “Nutritional Supplements and Methods of Using Same” for a method for treating at least one symptom of arthritis.  The patent extends through August 5, 2022.

·
A South African Patent (No. 2004/4614) entitled “Methods for The Treatment of Peripheral Neural and Vascular Ailments.”  The patent extends through November 5, 2022.

·
A South African Patent (No. 2005/0517) entitled “Anti-Microbial Compositions & Methods for Using Same,” the patent extends through July 23, 2023.

·
A South African Patent (No. 2004/3365) “Topical Compositions and Methods for Treatment of Adverse Effects of Ionizing Radiation,” the patent extends through November 5, 2022.

·
An Israeli Patent (No. 159357) entitled “Nutritional Supplements and Methods of Using Same,” the patent extends through August 6, 2022.

·
An Indian Patent (No. 00004/MUMP/2004) entitled “A Nutritional Supplement.”  The patent extends through August 6, 2022.

QR-333 – In April 2002, the Company initiated a Proof of Concept Study in France for treatment of diabetic neuropathy, which was concluded in 2003.  In April 2003, the Company announced that an independently monitored analysis of the Proof  of  Concept  Study  concluded  that  subjects  using this  formulation  had  67%  of their symptoms improve, suggesting efficacy.  In March 2004, the Company announced that it had completed its first meeting at the FDA prior to submitting the Company’s IND application for the relief of symptoms of diabetic symmetrical peripheral neuropathy.  The FDA’s pre-IND meeting programs are designed to provide sponsors with advance guidance and input on drug development programs.  In September 2005, the Company announced that a preliminary report of its topical compound for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy was recently featured in the Journal of Diabetes and Its Complication.  Authored by Dr. C. LeFante and Dr. P. Valensi, the article appeared in the June 1, 2005 issue, and included findings that showed the compound reduced the severity of numbness, and irritation from baseline values.  In October 2005, the Company announced the results of  pre-clinical toxicology studies that showed no irritation, photo toxicity, contact hypersensitivity or photo allergy when applied topically to hairless guinea pigs and another study that showed no difference in the dermal response of the compound or placebo when applied to Gottingen Minipigs. (Both animal models are suggested for the evaluation of  topical drugs, by the FDA).  In March 2006, the Company announced the filing of an IND application with the FDA for its topical compound for the  treatment  of  Diabetic  Peripheral  Neuropathy.  This filing allowed the Company to begin human clinical trials following a 30-day review period.  If no further comments were forthcoming from the FDA, studies with human subjects could commence pending the availability of study drug.  This application included a compilation of all of the supporting development data and regulatory documentation required to file an IND application with the FDA. In April 2006, upon FDA approval for its IND, the Company announced its intent to commence human studies on its formulation.
 
The Company also announced that in anticipation of receiving this IND, it had previously held its investigators meeting to organize its multi-center Phase II (b) trials. This would allow the Company to begin these trials as soon as study drug is available.

In May 2006, the Company announced that it had begun screening patients to start testing their investigational new drug QR-333 and patients suffering from diabetic peripheral neuropathy would be given doses in an escalating fashion to provide pharmacokinetics data.
 
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In September 2006, the Company announced that the results from its human study, titled "Single Center, Dose Escalating, Safety, Tolerability, And Pharmacokinetics Study Of QR-333 In Subjects With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy", demonstrated that QR-333 can be administered safely to patients suffering from diabetic peripheral neuropathy and it would proceed to conducting Phase II (b) clinical trials.  The essential CMC (Chemistry Manufacturing and Controls) stage would provide the Company with the necessary information needed to produce larger quantities of drug for the Phase II (b) trial involving approximately 180 patients.

The pharmacokinetics trial was the first study in the U.S. conducted under the FDA issued IND. The positive data showed that QR-333 is safe, it is not systemically absorbed and it is well tolerated after multiple doses. These findings are consistent with prior animal toxicity data and the human proof of concept study performed in France.

In November 2006, the Company announced that patient enrollment in a Phase II (b) multi center clinical study of QR-333 for the treatment of symptomatic Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) had commenced.  The Phase II (b) trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of QR-333 applied three times daily compared to placebo-treated patients over 12 weeks. Efficacy will be determined by Symptom Assessment Scores, a Visual Analogy Scale (VAS), Quality of Life and Sleep Questionnaires. Safety will be determined by medical history, physical examination, vital signs, 12-lead ECG, laboratory tests and nerve conduction studies. The study will involve approximately 140 randomized male and female patients with Type 1 & 2 diabetes, as defined by the ADA (American Diabetes Association) and distal symmetric diabetic polyneuropathy.

The Study Chairman is Dr. Philip Raskin, Professor of Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Texas. The study protocol was approved by the FDA as a part of Quigley Pharma’s IND submission and has been approved by the required Investigational Review Boards. The completion of the study is dependent upon enrollment rates that may affect the overall length of the study and the communication of its results.

In September 2007, the Company issued an update on a Phase II (b) Clinical Study of QR-333 on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.  The update on the study noted that over 100 subjects have been enrolled, 52 subjects have completed treatment and over 225 subjects have been screened for the Phase II (b) study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the topical formulation on subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.  Subject screening and enrollment will continue to ensure an approximately 140 evaluable patient study population.  Once enrolled, subject treatment time is 12 weeks.  To date the in-progress safety profile for this study has been consistent with the findings from the favorable safety results of the previous human proof of concept study conducted in France.  Subsequently, in March 2008, the Company indicated that the number of subjects increased in the study.

QR-336 – In April 2004, the Company announced the results of a preliminary, pre-clinical animal study which measured the effect of its proprietary patent applied for formulation against ionizing (nuclear) radiation.  This study determined that parenteral (injection) administration of the study compound was protective against the effects of a lethal, whole body ionizing
radiation dose in a mouse model.  This compound is being investigated to potentially reduce the effects of radiation exposure on humans.

In April 2006, the Company announced that it signed an agreement with Dr. William H. McBride, the Vice Chair of Research, Department of Oncology at UCLA to help develop an appropriate animal model radio protective research program for QR-336 to comply with New Food and Drug Administration animal efficacy rules for radio-protective pharmacological compounds.

In October 2006, the Company announced that it had received significant data identifying 50 microliters as the least toxic and  most effective radiation protection dose in mice when administered ip (intraperitoneal), po (by mouth) or sc (under the skin) prior to radiation exposure. These experiments were essential for providing the Company with data to optimize the formulation for efficacy and route of administration, which is required for filing under the FDA’s "Animal Efficacy Rule".

QR-337 – In September 2003, the Company announced its intention to file for permission to study its patent pending potential treatment for psoriasis and other skin disorders.  Continued testing will therefore have to be conducted under an IND application following positive preliminary results.

QR-435 – In May 2004, the Company announced that an intranasal spray application of the anti-viral test compound demonstrated efficacy by significantly reducing the severity of illness in ferrets that had been infected with the Influenza A virus. In pre-clinical studies, the antiviral formulation demonstrates antiviral activity against Ocular and Genital Herpes, indicating a new research and development path for the versatile compound. The Company is pleased with the progress and indicated that continued research is required to confirm the compound's safety and efficacy profiles.
 
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In May 2006, the Company announced that it would begin a series of studies to evaluate the ocular antiviral efficacy and toxicity of its naturally-derived topical compound QR-435. Studies will be completed at The Campbell Ophthalmic Microbiology Laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh in the same lab where previous successful in vitro studies of QR-435 were performed.
 
In December 2006, the Company announced that a series of studies were conducted on the advice of Campbell Laboratories, University of Pittsburgh, to assess QR-435 (Quigley Pharma’s broad spectrum anti-viral) potential for treating Herpes Keratitis.
 
While the in-vitro studies were very successful at killing the herpes virus on direct contact, the HSV-1/NZW rabbit keratitis model study showed that the compound, in its aqueous form, did not remain in the eye long enough to penetrate the corneal epithelial cells where the virus resides in an infection. The HSV-1/NZW rabbit keratitis model is a recognized standard for evaluating potential therapeutic agents in this class and is only utilized based on prior positive experimentation, as was the case.
 
Quigley Pharma may continue to pursue research and development objectives of this compound in the treatment of respiratory viruses on the strength of prior successful in-vitro and ferret model in-vivo studies. The Company's naturally derived formula has shown significant antiviral properties against various strains of H3N2 and H5N1 Influenza viruses in these studies.
 
QR-437 – In January 2004, the Company reported that its compound, which was demonstrating antiviral activity, had shown virucidal and virustatic activity against the strain 3B of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) in an in-vitro study.   Additionally, the Company decided that the derivative compound of the anti-viral formulation previously found to be effective for treating Sialorrhea would probably postpone further development on the Sialorrhea indication and concentrate on further qualification and development of the anti-viral capabilities of the compound in humans.

QR-439 – In December 2003, the Company announced positive test results of a preliminary independent in vitro study indicating that a test compound of the Company previously tested on the Influenza virus showed “significant virucidal activity against a strain of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) virus.”

In January 2004, the Company announced that it would conduct two further studies evaluating the compound which had shown activity against Influenza and SARS.  The first study was intended to repeat the previously announced results, which demonstrated the compound to be 100 percent effective in preventing non-infected ferrets in close proximity to an infected ferret from becoming infected with the Influenza A virus.  The second study was a dose ranging study on the test compound. Upon dosage determination and confirmation results from these forthcoming animal model studies, a human proof of concept study using a virus challenge with Influenza A virus in a quarantine unit would be a viable next step.

QR-440 (a) – The Company received an additional Investigational New Animal Drug (INAD) number from the Center for Veterinary Medicine of the FDA. In previous studies, QR-440 has been shown to reduce inflammation and also suggests possible disease-modifying potential.
 
QR-441(a) – In November 2005, the Company was assigned nine INADs for a broad anti-viral agent by the Center for Veterinary Medicine of the FDA. Eight of the INADs are for investigating the compound use against avian flu H5N1 virus in chickens, turkeys, ducks, pigs, horses, dogs, cats and non-food birds.  In January 2006, a ninth INAD was assigned for investigating its compound for treating arthritis in dogs. In March 2006, the Company announced that it is planning a series of controlled experiments designed to test its all natural broad spectrum anti-viral compound in poultry stocks.  The Company also announced that Dr. Timothy S. Cummings, MS, DVM, ACPV Clinical Poultry Professor at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Mississippi State University and Thomas G. Voss, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Tulane University School of Medicine will be assisting the Company in the development of the INAD bird challenge studies.
 
In July 2006, the Company announced that it has obtained positive results that support Quigley Pharma's continued progress in developing the natural broad spectrum anti-viral QR441(a) for use in preventing the spread of avian flu in poultry stocks. The results of the healthy chicken medical feed study confirmed that food or water dose forms provide an opportunity for potential commercialization if the compound demonstrates efficacy within these dose forms.  The results clearly showed that the chickens tolerated and consumed all concentrations of QR441 (a) in the medicated feed. They also tolerated and consumed the low concentration of drug in the medicated water.
 
In January 2007, the Company announced positive results from a study evaluating its anti-viral compound QR-441(a) in embryonating egg and VERO E6 cell test models. The preliminary study demonstrated QR-441(a) as a potential antiviral agent in reducing Infectious Bronchitis and New Castle Disease, two viral poultry diseases that have a significant economic impact to the poultry industry on an annual basis. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated that QR-441(a) to be a potent antiviral agent against H5N1 (Avian Flu).
 
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In February 2007, the Company announced that it had signed an agreement with the State of Israel Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development (MOAG) and the Kimron Veterinary Institute to conduct a clinical trial testing the anti-viral capacity of the Quigley compound QR-441(a) administered as a medical feed and water to chickens exposed to HPAI (Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza) H5N1.
 
If successful this study could potentially provide data on the efficacy of QR-441(a) in preventing the infection of food grade poultry through the use of formulated feed and water. Positive data could be used to continue the development of the compound in the U.S with guidance from the FDA under the INAD’s issued to Quigley in 2005 and might also be useful for development outside the United States, where the impact of disease has already been felt.

QR-443 – In August 2006, the Company announced that it had obtained positive results for its QR-443 compound for the treatment of Cachexia.  Cachexia is an extremely debilitating and life threatening, wasting syndrome associated with chronic diseases such as cancer, AIDS, chronic renal failure, COPD and rheumatoid arthritis, where inflammation has a significant impact and patients experience loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and decreased appetite. The results of an animal study found a 75% efficacy rate in the treatment of mice with this condition.
 
In January 2007, the Company announced that it had completed a preliminary follow up Cachexia study, evaluating weight loss in mice. The tumor burden Cachexia model study concluded that QR-443 was as effective in delaying the progression of Cachexia when given orally as it had been shown to be when administered intra-peritoneally in a previous study.
 
The new data compliments the previous study results demonstrating a correlation between effectiveness and the frequency of administration of the QR-443 compound.
 
On June 20, 2007, the Company announced that it had completed a follow-up study to evaluate the impact of QR-443 on levels of a pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a cachexia model. This new data concluded that responding mice had lower levels of serum IL-6 when administered QR-443 orally than mice that received placebo. This reduction in IL-6 suggests a method of action for the delayed onset and reduced severity of cachexia observed in this study as well as the previously conducted cachexia model study.
 
QR-448(a) – In May 2008, the Company announced positive results from a study conducted in chickens to evaluate the anti-viral activity of its compound QR448(a). The compound was administered to chicks that had been infected with Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV). The data from the study indicated that QR448(a) is efficacious against an IBV challenge in two week old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicks, confirming previous results indicating that treatment with QR448(a) before or after viral exposure has the potential to lessen or prevent disease.
 
The Company initiated its investigations into the effectiveness of this compound based on feedback from poultry industry leaders who expressed an increasing need for additional products to combat IBV. With the completion of this latest study and the current dossier of data, the Company plans to solicit the poultry industry for additional guidance and potential interest and opportunities for developing this compound jointly toward commercialization.
 
In September 2008, the Company announced successful results from a follow up study conducted with its veterinary anti-viral compound QR448(a).  The Study was designed to determine the duration of anti-viral effect of QR448(a) against IBV in commercial broiler chickens, a consumer meat type bird.  Results demonstrate longer duration of protection from infectious bronchitis and reduction of clinical signs in chickens.  Additionally, in September, the Company announced that the anti-viral compound successfully prevents transmission of infectious bronchitis in chickens.  Veterinary poultry products industry experts and those familiar with prevention and control of IBV recognize that abating transmission is perhaps one of the most important ways to economically prevent, control and manage potential losses due to IBV outbreaks.
 
The formulation was initially identified as QR441(a) and for its anti-viral activity against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1.
 
QR-449 – In July 2007, the Company announced that it had initiated a human clinical safety trial to evaluate the effects of QR-449 on subjects with Metabolic Syndrome.  The primary objectives for the studies are to determine the safety of QR-449 when administered in a range dosing fashion and determine the effects of QR-449 on metabolic imbalances.
 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years.  The adoption of this standard has not had a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
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In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”, including an amendment of FASB No. 115 ("FAS 159"). The Statement permits companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value in order to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. FAS 159 is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2008. The adoption of this standard has not had a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“FAS 160”).  FAS 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the retained interest and gain or loss when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008 with earlier adoption prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of FAS 160 on its operating results and financial position.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, "Business Combinations," (“SFAS 141R”) which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree. SFAS 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company is organized into three different but related business segments, Cold Remedy, Contract Manufacturing and Ethical Pharmaceutical. When providing for the appropriate sales returns, allowances, cash discounts and cooperative incentive promotion costs, each segment applies a uniform and consistent method for making certain assumptions for estimating these provisions that are applicable to that specific segment. Traditionally, these provisions are not material to net income in the Contract Manufacturing segment. The Ethical Pharmaceutical segment does not have any revenues.

The product in the Cold Remedy segment, Cold-EezeÒ, has been clinically proven in two double-blind studies to reduce the severity and duration of common cold symptoms. Accordingly, factors considered in estimating the appropriate sales returns and allowances for this product include it being: a unique product with limited competitors; competitively priced; promoted; unaffected for remaining shelf life as there is no expiration date; and monitored for inventory levels at major customers and third-party consumption data, such as Information Resources, Inc. (“IRI”).

At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company included reductions to accounts receivable for sales returns and allowances of $625,000 and $296,000, respectively, and cash discounts of $153,000 and $169,000, respectively. Additionally, current liabilities at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 include $971,314 and $1,137,650, respectively, for cooperative incentive promotion costs.

Management believes there are no material charges to net income in the current period related to sales from a prior period.

Revenue

Provisions to reserves to reduce revenues for cold remedy products that do not have an expiration date, include the use of estimates, which are applied or matched to the current sales for the period presented. These estimates are based on specific customer tracking and an overall historical experience to obtain an effective applicable rate, which is tested on an annual basis and reviewed quarterly to ascertain the most applicable effective rate. Additionally, the monitoring of current occurrences, developments by customer, market conditions and any other occurrences that could affect the expected provisions relative to net sales for the period presented are also performed.

A one percent deviation for these consolidated reserve provisions for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008, and 2007 would affect net sales by approximately $75,000 and $104,000, respectively and the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 by approximately $167,000 and $205,000, respectively. A one percent deviation for cooperative incentive promotion reserve provisions for the three month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 would affect net sales by approximately $68,000 and $97,000, respectively and the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 by approximately $148,000 and $187,000, respectively.
 
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Income Taxes

The Company has recorded a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.  Management believes that this allowance is required due to the uncertainty of realizing these tax benefits in the future.  The uncertainty arises largely due to substantial research and development costs in the Company’s Ethical Pharmaceutical segment.

Three months ended September 30, 2008 compared with three months ended September 30, 2007

Net sales for the three month period ended September 30, 2008 were $6,354,451, reflecting a decrease of $2,777,159 over the net sales of $9,131,610 for the comparable three month period ended September 30, 2007.   The Cold Remedy segment reported net sales in the 2008 period of $5,668,345 a decrease of $2,749,815, or 32.7%, over the comparable 2007 period of $8,418,160.  The Contract Manufacturing segment reported net sales of $686,106 in the 2008 period compared to $713,450 in the comparable 2007 period, a decrease of $27,344 or 3.8%.

Reduced Cold-Eeze® sales in the third quarter 2008 may have been the result of a slow start to the 2007/08 cold season and changes to customers’ buying habits during 2008 to date.  The Company launched both the Organix and Immune products during the third quarter of 2007 and the Kids-EEZEÒ product during the third quarter of 2008.  The combined impact of these new products was a decrease in net sales of $1,073,239 in the 2008 quarter.  

Net sales of the Contract Manufacturing segment reported a small decrease in 2008.  The primary purpose of the Contract Manufacturing segment is to manufacture, warehouse and distribute Cold-EezeÒ.  Other contract manufacturing is performed for non-related third party entities to compensate for the necessary fixed costs associated with this segment.
 
Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2008 was 35.8% compared to 34.5% for the comparable 2007 period, an increase of 1.3%.  The Cold Remedy segment’s cost of sales as a percentage of net sales in the 2008 period was 32.4% compared to 34.1% in the 2007 comparable period, a decrease of 1.7%. This decrease in 2008 was largely due to the reduced sales in 2008 of the two new products launched in 2007 which have a higher product cost.  The Contract Manufacturing segment had a negative impact to the overall cost of sales percentage due to lower margins, a factor of production volume and fixed costs.

Sales and marketing expenses for the three month period ended September 30, 2008 were $651,762, a decrease of $213,039, over the comparable 2007 period amount of $864,801.  This 2008 period decrease was primarily due to reduced sales commission expense which is variable to net sales.

General and administration costs for the three month period ended September 30, 2008 were $1,661,555 compared to $1,867,671 for the 2007 period, a decrease of $206,116 between the periods.  The decrease in 2008 was primarily due to decreased  payroll costs of $133,186.

Research and development costs during the three months ended September 30, 2008 were $954,880 compared to $2,018,507 during the 2007 comparable period, reflecting a decrease in 2008 of $1,063,627, primarily as a result of decreased Pharma segment costs.

Nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared with nine months ended September 30, 2007

Net sales for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 were $13,727,770, reflecting a decrease of $3,770,937 from net sales of $17,498,707 for the comparable nine month period ended September 30, 2007.   The Cold Remedy segment reported net sales in the 2008 period of $11,912,924, a decrease of $3,744,650, or 23.9%, over the comparable 2007 period of $15,657,574.  The Contract Manufacturing segment reported net sales of $1,814,846 in the 2008 period compared to $1,841,133 in the comparable 2007 period, a decrease of $26,287.

Reduced Cold Remedy sales in the first nine months of 2008 may have been the result of a slow start to the 2007/08 cold season and changes to customers’ buying habits during 2008 to date. The 2008 net sales were also negatively impacted by a sales decrease related to new products of $958,661, with an offset resulting from the Cold-Eeze® price increase of $853,119, effective July 2, 2007.  Commencing in the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company has initiated an advertising and targeted coupon campaign to promote the Cold-Eeze brand and brand extensions during the forthcoming cold season.

Net sales of the Contract Manufacturing segment reported a small decrease in 2008.  The primary purpose of the Contract Manufacturing segment is to manufacture, warehouse and distribute Cold-EezeÒ.  Other contract manufacturing is performed for non-related third party entities to compensate for the necessary fixed costs associated with this segment.
 
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Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was 37.7% compared to 37.6% for the comparable 2007 period, an increase of 0.1%.  The Cold Remedy segment’s cost of sales as a percentage of net sales in the 2008 period was 32.0% compared to 34.2% in the 2007 comparable period, a decrease of 2.2%. The decrease in 2008 was largely the result of the absence of a royalty charge in 2008, amounting to 2.0% of the variance between the nine month periods, favorable to 2008.   The Contract Manufacturing segment had an adverse impact to consolidated cost of sales due to lower margins, a factor of production volume and fixed costs.

Sales and marketing expenses for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 were $3,450,276, a decrease of $461,068 over the comparable 2007 period amount of $3,911,344.  The decrease was primarily due to reduced media advertising expense in 2008 of $215,000 and a decrease to sales commissions of $165,000 as a result of reduced sales.

General and administration costs for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 were $6,199,646 compared to $6,449,262 for the 2007 period, a decrease of $249,616 between the periods.  The decrease in 2008 was primarily due to decreased legal and stock promotion costs of $342,000 and $110,000, respectively and increased payroll costs of $286,000.

Research and development costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $3,630,006 compared to $4,792,151 during the 2007 comparable period, reflecting a decrease in 2008 of $1,162,145, primarily as a result of decreased Pharma segment costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company had working capital of $15,793,539 and $18,577,624 at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.  Changes in working capital overall have been primarily due to the following items:  cash balances decreased by $4,253,268; account receivable balances decreased by $1,149,269 due to seasonal factors and effective collection practices; inventory increased by $938,242 due to the launch of the Kids-EEZEÒ product in August 2008 and preparation for the forthcoming cold season; accrued advertising decreased by $298,480 due to the seasonal nature of the Cold-Remedy segment; accrued royalties, consulting fees and sales commissions decreased by $141,827 largely due to sales related seasonal factors.   Total cash balances at September 30, 2008 were $10,880,278 compared to $15,133,546 at December 31, 2007.  Other current liabilities decreased by $1,118,748 mainly due to decreased payroll related balances.  Liquidity in the first nine months of 2008 was assisted by the sale of Darius which resulted in cash proceeds of $1,000,000.

Management believes that its strategy to establish Cold-EezeÒ as a recognized brand name, its broader range of products, its adequate manufacturing capacity, together with its current working capital, should provide an internal source of capital to fund the Company’s normal business operations.  The operations of the Company contribute to the current research and development expenditures of the Ethical Pharmaceutical segment.   In addition to the funding from operations, the Company may in the short and long term raise capital through the issuance of equity securities or secure other financing resources to support such research.  As research progresses on certain formulations, expenditures of the Pharma segment will require substantial financial support and would necessitate the consideration of other approaches such as licensing or partnership arrangements that meet the Company’s long term goals and objectives.  Ultimately, should internal working capital or internal funding be insufficient, there is no guarantee that other financing resources will become available, thereby deferring future growth and development of certain formulations.

Management is not aware of any trends, events or uncertainties that have or are reasonably likely to have a material negative impact upon the Company’s (a) short-term or long-term liquidity, or (b) net sales or income from continuing operations.  Any challenge to the Company’s patent rights could have a material adverse effect on future liquidity of the Company; however, the Company is not aware of any condition that would make such an event probable.

Management believes that cash generated from operations, along with its current cash balances, will be sufficient to finance working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures during the remainder of 2008 are not expected to be material.

Item 3.            Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company's operations are not subject to risks of material foreign currency fluctuations, nor does it use derivative financial instruments in its investment practices. The Company places its marketable investments in instruments that meet high credit quality standards. The Company does not expect material losses with respect to its investment portfolio or exposure to market risks associated with interest rates. The impact on the Company's results of one percentage point change in short-term interest rates would not have a material impact on the Company’s future earnings, fair value, or cash flows related to investments in cash equivalents or interest-earning marketable securities.
 
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Current economic conditions may cause a decline in business and consumer spending which could adversely affect the Company’s business and financial performance.  The Company’s business and financial performance, including collection of accounts receivables, realization of inventory, recoverability of assets, may be adversely affected by current and future economic conditions, such as a reduction in the availability of credit, financial market volatility, recession, etc.

Item 4T.         Controls and Procedures

Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief  Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) are effective. There have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.  In accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, the Company has included an assessment of its internal control over financial reporting and attestation from an independent registered public accounting firm in its Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.  The Company has undergone an ongoing comprehensive effort in preparation for compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This has involved the documentation, testing and review of our internal controls under the direction of senior management. 
 
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Part II.  Other Information

Item 1.            Legal Proceedings

HOWARD POLSKI AND SHERYL POLSKI VS. THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION, ET AL.
 (U.S.D.C., D. Minn. Docket No.: 04-4199 PJS/JJG)

On August 12, 2004, plaintiffs filed an action against the Company in the District Court for Hennepin County, Minnesota, which was not served until September 2, 2004. On September 17, 2004, the Company removed the case to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota. The action alleges that plaintiffs suffered certain losses and injuries as a result of the Company's nasal spray product. Among the allegations of plaintiffs are negligence, products liability, breach of express and implied warranties, and breach of the Minnesota Consumer Fraud Statute.

The Company believes the plaintiffs' claims were without merit and vigorously defended this lawsuit. On September 5, 2007, the Company obtained a judgment in its favor, as a matter of law, and that decision was appealed to the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals.  On August 13, 2008, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the judgment in favor of the Company.  The plaintiffs have until December 3, 2008 to file a Petition for Allocatur to the Supreme Court of the United States.  In the event a Petition for Allocatur is filed, the Company believes that the appeal lacks merit, and that the judgment of the Trial Court and the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals will be affirmed if the Supreme Court grants allocatur.

At the present time this matter is being defended by the Company's liability insurance carrier.  Based upon the information the Company has at this time, it believes the action will not have a material impact to the Company.  However, at this time no prediction as to the outcome can be made.

TESAURO AND ELEY, ET AL. VS. THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
(CCP of Phila., August Term 2000, No. 001011)

In September, 2000, the Company was sued by two individuals (Jason Tesauro and Elizabeth Eley, both residents of Georgia), allegedly on behalf of a "nationwide class" of "similarly situated individuals," in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.  The complaint alleges that the plaintiffs purchased certain Cold-Eeze products between August 1996 and November 1999, based upon cable television, radio and internet advertisements, which allegedly misrepresented the qualities and benefits of the Company's products.  The complaint, as pleaded originally, requested an unspecified amount of damages for violations of Pennsylvania's consumer protection law, breach of implied warranty of merchantability and unjust enrichment, as well as a judicial determination that the action be maintained as a class action.  In October, 2000, the Company filed preliminary objections to the complaint seeking dismissal of the action.  The court sustained certain objections, thereby narrowing the plaintiffs' claims.
 
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In May 2001, the plaintiffs filed a motion to certify the putative class.  The Company opposed the motion.  In November, 2001, the court held a hearing on plaintiffs' motion for class certification.  In January 2002, the court denied in part and granted in part plaintiffs' motion.  The court denied plaintiffs' motion to certify a class based on plaintiffs' claims under Pennsylvania's consumer protection law, under which plaintiffs sought treble damages, effectively dismissing this cause of action; however, the court certified a class based on plaintiffs' secondary breach of implied warranty and unjust enrichment claims.  In August 2002, the court issued an order adopting a form of Notice of Class Action to be published nationally.  The form of Notice approved by the court included a provision that limits the potential class members who may potentially recover damages in this action to those persons who present a proof of purchase of Cold-Eeze during the period from August 1996 through November 1999.

Afterward, a series of pre-trial motions were filed raising issues concerning trial evidence and the court's jurisdiction over the subject matter of the action.  In March 2005, the court held oral argument on these motions.

On November 8, 2006, the Court entered an order dismissing the case in its entirety on the basis that the action was pre-empted by federal law.  The plaintiffs appealed the Court's decision in December 2006 to the Superior Court of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.  On February 19, 2008, the Superior Court upheld defendant's appeal and remanded the case to the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas for trial.  The Company has decided not to appeal to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and the case is being prepared for trial.

On June 13, 2008, the Court held a pre-trial scheduling conference during which the Court discussed the status of several unresolved pre-trial motions that will bear upon the evidence allowed at trial.  The Court also requested additional briefing on certain evidence issues and allowed for limited additional discovery of witnesses.  The Court has scheduled trial to commence with jury selection on January 30, 2009.

At this time, no prediction as to the outcome of the trial can be made.

ITEM 1A.       RISK FACTORS

The Company Will Need To Obtain Additional Capital To Support Long-Term Product Development And Commercialization Programs.

The Company’s ability to achieve and sustain operating profitability depends in large part on the ability to commence, execute and complete clinical programs for, and obtain additional regulatory approvals for, prescription medications developed by Quigley Pharma, particularly in the U.S. and Europe.  There is no assurance that the Company will ever obtain such approvals or achieve significant levels of sales.  The current sales levels of Cold-Eeze® products may not generate all the funds the Company anticipates will be needed to support current plans for product development.

The Company may need to obtain additional financing to support its long-term product development and commercialization programs.  Additional funds may be sought through public and private stock offerings, arrangements with corporate partners, borrowings under lines of credit or other sources.  Access to, and availability of, funding for such activities may prove difficult or unattainable due to weak current and future economic conditions, reduction in the availability of credit, financial market volatility, recession, etc.

The amount of capital that may be needed to complete product development of Pharma’s products will depend on many factors, including;

the cost involved in applying for and obtaining FDA and international regulatory approvals;

whether the Company elects to establish partnering arrangements for development, sales, manufacturing and marketing of such products;

the level of future sales of Cold-Eeze® products, and expense levels for international sales and marketing efforts;
·
whether the Company can establish and maintain strategic arrangements for development, sales, manufacturing and marketing of its products; and

whether any or all of the outstanding options are exercised and the timing and amount of these exercises.


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Many of the foregoing factors are not within the Company’s control.  If additional funds are required and such funds are not available on reasonable terms, the Company may have to reduce its capital expenditures, scale back its development of new products, reduce its workforce and out-license to others, products or technologies that the Company otherwise would seek to commercialize itself.  Any additional equity financing will be dilutive to stockholders, and any debt financing, if available, may include restrictive covenants.

Instability And Volatility In The Financial Markets Could Have A Negative Impact On The Company’s Business, Financial Condition, Results Of Operations And Cash Flows.

During recent months, there has been substantial volatility and a decline in financial markets due at least in part to the deteriorating global economic environment. In addition, there has been substantial uncertainty in the capital markets and access to financing is uncertain. Moreover, customer spending habits may be adversely affected by the current economic crisis.  These conditions could have an adverse effect on the Company’s industry and business, including the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

To the extent that the Company does not generate sufficient cash from operations, it may need to incur indebtedness to finance plans for growth. Recent turmoil in the credit markets and the potential impact on the liquidity of major financial institutions may have an adverse effect on the Company’s ability to fund its business strategy through borrowings, under either existing or newly created instruments in the public or private markets on terms that the Company believes to be reasonable, if at all. 

Item 6.            Exhibits

(1)
Exhibit 31.1
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(2)
Exhibit 31.2
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(3)
Exhibit 32.1
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(4)
Exhibit 32.2
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
THE QUIGLEY CORPORATION
   
   
 
By:
/s/ Gerard M. Gleeson
   
Gerard M. Gleeson
   
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 6, 2008




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